Individuals may be looking to opt for an SMSF because these provide entire control over where the money is invested. While this sounds enticing, the downside is that they involve a lot more time and effort as all investment is managed by the members/trustees. 

Firstly, SMSFs require a lot of on-going investment of time:

• Aside from the initial set-up, members need to continually research potential investments. 
• It is important to create and follow an investment strategy that will help manage the SMSF – but this will need to be updated regularly depending on the performance of the SMSF.
• The accounting, record keeping and arranging of audits throughout the year and every year also need to be conducted up to par. 

Data shows that SMSF trustees spend an average of 8 hours per month managing their SMSFs. This adds up to more than 100 hours per year and demonstrates that compared to other superannuation methods, is a lot more time occupying. 

Secondly, there are set-up and maintenance costs of SMSFs such as tax advice, financial advice, legal advice and hiring an accredited auditor. These costs are difficult to avoid if you want the best out of your SMSF. A statistical review has shown that on average, the operating cost of an SMSF is $6,152. This data is inclusive of deductible and non-deductible expenses such as auditor fee, management and administration expenses etc., but not inclusive of costs such as investment and insurance expenses. 

Thirdly, investing in SMSF requires financial and legal knowledge and skill. Trustees should understand the investment market so that they can build and manage a diversified portfolio. Further, when creating an investment strategy, it is important to assess the risk and plan ahead for retirement, which can be difficult if one is not equipped with the necessary knowledge. In terms of legal knowledge, complying with tax, super and other relevant regulations requires a basic level of understanding at the very least. Finally, insurance for fund members also needs to be organised which can be difficult without additional knowledge. 

Although SMSFs have the advantage of autonomy when it comes to investing, this comes at a price. Members/trustees need to invest time and money into managing the fund and on top of this, are required to have some financial and legal knowledge to successfully manage the fund. 

Superannuation may not be the first thing that springs to mind as a self-employed individual, but just like how looking after your tax and business expenses benefits you, superannuation is an important subject to consider.

While you don’t need to pay super to yourself, it might help you feel more secure about your finances during retirement. You can make regular or lump sum payments, can usually claim a tax deduction on contributions, and may be able to save tax.

Contributions you make to your super will only be taxed at 15%. Depending on which tax bracket you fit into, this might be a concession compared to your usual tax rates. Additionally, investing in your super will most likely yield a higher return than if you put your money into a bank savings account.

You may be able to contribute to your pre-existing super fund after becoming self-employed. All you need to do is provide the fund with your tax file number (TFN) so that your contributions can be added to the fund. Alternatively, you can choose a new fund.

There are two ways you can contribute to the fund which are dependent on how you receive income:

• Wage: Make regular transfers to the super fund from your pre-tax income (such as by salary-sacrificing).
• Income from business revenue: Transfer lump sum amounts when there is sufficient cash flow from your business.

If you make contributions to the super fund from your pre-tax income, then you can claim tax deductions for them. Your overall taxable income is reduced as well. Ensure you complete a ‘Notice of intent to claim’ to receive this deduction.

There are limits to the amount of money you can contribute to your super every financial year:

• Up to $27,500 in concessional contributions (from pre-tax income, so you can claim a deduction)
• Up to $110,000 in non-concessional contributions (from after-tax income)

As an example, employers contribute a minimum of 10.5% of an employee’s earnings to their super (since July 2022) – if you are not sure how much to contribute, this could be a starting point.

For Example – How Your Concessional Contribution Can Work

You claim a tax deduction for your superannuation contribution above what your employer paid, up to the limit (currently $27,500), and will receive a refund of your marginal tax rate. In this example, we’ll say that it’s 34%.

But, your fund pays 15% tax. So if you put in $10,000 into your fund, you should receive a tax refund of $3,400 (34%) cash into your pocket. However, the fund pays $1,500 (15%) in tax, which comes from your contribution.

This 15% will go up to 30% when your adjusted income is above $250,000, but your savings will be 47% instead of 34%.

If you are a low to middle-income earner, then you may meet the eligibility criteria to receive government super contributions. The government will determine how much you are entitled to when you lodge your tax return. If you’re eligible, the government will pay the co-contribution directly to your fund.

Although it may be challenging to make super contributions when self-employed, consider starting off the process so that when you are in your retirement period, you have some financial security.

Contributing extra to your superannuation is a good way to boost your retirement funds. One of the ways you can add more to your super is through salary sacrificing. Salary sacrifice is an arrangement with your employer to forego part of your salary or wages in return for your employer providing benefits of a similar value, meaning your employer will redirect some of your salary or wages into your super fund instead of to you.

These salary sacrifice contributions are taxed at a maximum rate of 15%, which is generally less than your marginal tax rate. There is no limit to the amount you can salary sacrifice provided there are no limitations in your terms of employment or industrial law. However, this concessional tax treatment is limited to a certain amount of contributions made each income year. Contributions over the relevant cap amount are subject to extra tax.

The salary sacrificed amounts count towards your concessional contributions cap, in addition to your employer’s compulsory contributions such as super guarantee payments and salary-sacrificed amounts sent by you to your employee’s super fund. The annual concessional contributions cap is $25,000 for everyone. If you have more than one fund, all concessional contributions made to all of your funds are added together and counted towards the concessional contributions cap. Concessional contributions in excess of these caps are subject to extra tax.

Salary-sacrificed amounts are paid from pre-tax salary so they don’t count as non-concessional contributions and will not be considered a fringe benefit if the super contributions are made to a complying super fund. Individuals should also consider whether the amount sacrificed will attract Division 293 tax. This tax applies when you have an income and concessional super contributions of more than $250,000. Division 293 tax levies 15% tax on taxable contributions above this threshold.

One of the most effective ways to add to your super balance is through salary sacrifice. Salary sacrifice involves the employee agreeing to exchange a portion of their salary (before tax) for an increase in superannuation contribution by their employer.

Contributions made through salary sacrifice are classified as employer contributions, not employee contributions. These are taxed at a maximum of 15% (if you earn under $250,000 per year) which is lower than the marginal tax rate most employees are charged. The amount that you ‘sacrifice’ cannot be assessed for taxation purposes i.e. it is not subject to PAYG. Employees should ensure that their contributions per year are not above $25,000 as this is the cap on concessional contributions and if surpassed, will require additional tax to be paid.

Salary sacrifice is an effective way to minimise tax liability and increase super contributions if individuals are earning a greater amount than they require for annual expenses.

After beginning the salary sacrificing process, employees should keep a lookout for two important matters. First, the calculation of ordinary time earnings by your employer that super applies to, does not change. Second, the amount which is paid to your super through the salary sacrifice agreement does not contribute towards any super guarantee contributions that are required of your employer. Employees should verify that neither of these occur, and verify any confusion with their employer.

Salary sacrifice is a trade-off between income earned in the present, and contributions made for the future. Employees may experience difficulty in finding a balance which suits them or taking different aspects of their finances into consideration for the agreement with their employer. Asking for professional assistance to determine specifications for the agreement could help simplify this procedure.

As retirees embrace a new phase in their lives, the concept of property downsizing is gaining momentum as a strategic and rewarding financial move.

Downsizing isn’t just about reducing square footage; it’s a lifestyle choice that can offer a range of benefits for those entering their golden years.

The Changing Landscape of Retirement Living

Many retirees find themselves sitting on a valuable asset—the family home. The Australian property market has witnessed significant growth over the years, and this presents a unique opportunity for retirees. Downsizing involves selling a larger property, often the family home, and purchasing a smaller, more manageable one. This shift not only streamlines day-to-day living but also releases equity tied up in the existing property.

Financial Freedom and Flexibility

One of the primary advantages of downsizing for retirees is the financial windfall it can generate. Selling a larger property in a desirable location can lead to a substantial cash injection. This liquidity can be used to fund retirement activities, travel plans, or simply serve as a safety net for unexpected expenses. Downsizing gives retirees the financial freedom to enjoy their retirement years without the burden of maintaining a larger property.

Enhanced Lifestyle and Convenience

Downsizing often means trading a sprawling home for a more compact, easily maintainable residence. This can result in reduced household chores, lower utility bills, and a generally more manageable living environment. Additionally, many retirees choose to downsize to a location that offers greater convenience, such as proximity to amenities, healthcare facilities, and public transportation, enabling a more active and engaged lifestyle.

Navigating the Downsizing Process

While the benefits of downsizing are clear, the process requires careful consideration and planning. It’s essential for retirees to assess their current and future needs, identify the ideal location, and understand the financial implications of the move. Seeking advice from financial planners and real estate professionals can help retirees make informed decisions that align with their retirement goals.

Government Incentives

Recognizing the positive impact downsizing can have on retirees and the property market, the Australian government has introduced incentives to encourage this trend. The Downsizer Contribution allows eligible individuals to contribute up to $300,000 from the proceeds of selling their home into their superannuation fund, providing an additional financial boost for retirement.

Property downsizing for retirees is not just a practical choice; it’s a transformative step towards a more fulfilling retirement. By unlocking the equity in their homes, retirees can enjoy financial freedom, a more convenient lifestyle, and potentially even take advantage of government incentives.

As the trend continues to grow, downsizing is proving to be a key strategy for retirees looking to make the most of their golden years.